Aviation maintenance technician handbookpowerplant pdf. Fuel system is one of the most important subsystems of aircraft and engine control unit which forms the base for fuel control. Metering pressure is maintained above vapor forming conditions, yet fuel inlet pressure is low enough to allow the use of a diaphragm fuel pump. The level of presentation is on the apprenticejourneyman level. In contrast to automotive fuel injection systems, aircraft continuous flow fuel injection is all mechanical, requiring no electricity to operate. Such that the test conditions necessary to test aircraft fuel control systems can be set. The aviation machinists mate ad is responsible for maintaining and. The spray pattern keeps the flame centered in the burner for all operating conditions. Other activities to help include hangman, crossword, word scramble, games, matching, quizes, and tests. Jeppesen chapter 7 engine fuel and fuel metering 37 items. Chapter 4 jet aircraft fuel and fuel systems the purpose of the aircraft fuel system is to deliver a uniform flow of clean fuel under constant pressure to the engine under all operating conditions.
Aircraft fuel metering systems will familiarize you with the operating. Avs1235 lab 4 aircraft reciprocating engine fuel metering and induction purpose. Aviation fuel distribution and handling airports, fuel is typically. Aircraft fuel metering systems explains in simple terms, basic fuel metering, carburetor operation, service and maintenance. Large and highperformance aircraft typically utilize electronic fuel quantity systems. Jet fuel kerosene based fuel for aircraft with turbine engines. Document resume ed 092 693 ce 001 422 aircraft fuel. To accomplish this task, the fuel system must be properly maintained. Aircraft fuel metering systems js312650 dale crane aircraft fuel metering systems js312650 dale crane carburetors and fuel injectors have an aura of mystery and are often blamed for performance deterioration for which they are not at fault. In the fuelair mixture curves shown in figure 21, note that the basic best power and best economy fuelair mixture requirements for reciprocating engines are approximately the same.
This textbook, the third in the avotek series for the faa part 147 schools, is written by industry leaders in maintenance and instruction to meet the needs of amt students and instructors. Aircraft reciprocating engine fuel injection systems. Fuel system is one of the most important subsystems of aircraft and. Easa part 66 compliant module 16 on reciprocating engine maintenance for part 66 b1. Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector all diesel engines use fuel injection by design. Design and implementation of fuel metering unit for an aero. Aircraft fuel consumption estimation and visualization. The composition of the fuelair mixture to develop maximum power on an aircraft is. The ll stands for low lead although it contains four times the lead of 80 octane avgas. Choke system there are six different systems fuel air circuits in a carburetor that make it work. Actual operating procedures for a hydromechanical fuel control is very complicated and still the fuel metering is not as accurate as with an electronic type of interface or control. Fuel tanks aircraft fuel tanks come in a variety of types and sizes. Fuel injection systems diagnostic and troubleshooting basic strategy development. Reliable operation of jet engine fuel systems has been developed based on current fuel characteristics, both specified and inherent.
Fuel injection systems vary in their details of construction, arrangement, and operation. Aircraft systems description and operation air induction system induction air is directed to. The most common fuels are avgas for reciprocating engines and jet a for turbine engines. Alaska fuel metering project this page intentionally left blank alaska fuel metering project.
Throttlecontrol assembly metering unit the pump feeds fuel under pressure to the controller. Operating principles of bendix and continental fuel injection systems. The way these systems are arranged in the carburetor determines the carburetors size and shape. A duplex fuel nozzle is one that has two fuel discharge passages. Describe the operating principles of turbochargers and superchargers. Aircraft engine fuel and fuel metering systems aircraft. In other words, transferring the proper amount of fuel to the air going into the engine. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The material is specifically intended for assignments by aviation instructors and individual selfdirected learners. Eric ed092693 aircraft fuel, fuel metering, induction. Resource for volume three aircraft system maintenance.
The engine fuel system must supply fuel to the engines fuel metering device under. Jeppesen aircraft fuel metering systems by jeppesen 77001 basic fuel metering, carburetor operation, service and maintenance. This will reduce the fuel metering force thatmeasures air mass entering the engine. Aircraft fuel metering systems pt641 demonstration of fuel system and fuel control unit pt641 demonstration of fuel system and fuel control unit. Nets series of modular titles for aviation skilled trades. Free flashcards to help memorize facts about fuel metering systems 9. The fuel system should be free of tendency to vapor lock, which can result from changes in ground and inflight climatic conditions. Jet fuel refueling arms y suitable for use with all types of wide body aircraft and tactical aircraft, helicopter, tank truck and dispenser truck refueling y ideal not only for applications at big airports military and civilian and related tank depots with high refueling frequency and low downtimes. The specific topics addressed include aircraft engines, engine fuel and fuel metering systems, induction and exhaust systems, engine ignition and electrical systems, engine starting systems, lubrication and cooling systems, propellers, engine removal and replacement, engine fire protection systems, engine maintenance and operation, and light. Continuous flow fuel injection systems by randy knuteson reprinted with permission from aircraft maintenance technology, november 1998 c. Aircraft reciprocating engines aircraft governors aircraft governers provides information on the history, design, construction, installation and maintenance of aircraft governors. For more information about avoteks ebooks, see our ebook overview and faq page. In this video, we show you how fuel is stored, transferred, and distributed to the engine of the cessna 172s.
Pdf automation of the test of fuel control systems for civil. A singleengine piston aircraft has a simple fuel system. For more information about avoteks ebooks, see our ebook overview and faq page included as part of the airframe kit, and the amt series textbookworkbook set an accompaniment to the textbook, the workbook includes fillin. Digital indicators are available that work with the same variable resistance signal from the tank unit. Each system must provide an uninterrupted flow of contaminant free fuel regardless of the aircrafts attitude. This document presents an outline for a 5hour course designed to help the trainee gain the skills and knowledge necessary to become an aviation powerplant mechanic. The fuelmetering pumps, fuel pumps, and fuel filters are likely to be seriously affected by. Fuel systems differ greatly due to different performance of the aircraft in which they are installed. The fuel injection system of aircraft reciprocating engine has many advantages over a conventional carburetor system. So, the engine needs uninterrupted flow of fuel contaminant free.
Design and implementation of fuel metering unit for an. A flow divider sends fuel for lowpressure operation through one discharge passage and when the engine demands more fuel it is sprayed out through the second discharge passage. And unlike capacitance systems, it is anticipated that opticalsensorbased systems will be capable of operating with any type of fuel, meaning that aircraft operators will no longer need to go to the trouble and expense of recalibrating their systems as they introduce new fuel types and fuel additives for their aircraft. The fuel inlet system must constantly maintain the specified level of fuel as the basic fuel metering systems are calibrated to deliver the proper mixture only when the fuel is at this level. Study 97 terms fuel metering systems flashcards quizlet. An aircraft fuel system allows the crew to pump, manage, and deliver aviation fuel to the propulsion system and auxiliary power unit apu of an aircraft. If free from contamination, install the fuel transducer according to the aircraft maintenance instructions. Carburetors have much the same problems at lower speeds. Avgas is generally either 80 red or 100ll blue octane. Flush a minimum of one quart of fuel through the throttle and fuel control unit into. Fuel flow of an engine varies with an ambient condition such as temperature, pressure and the amount of fuel flow to the engine is different at various altitudes.
Delivers to the engine fuel metering system a uniform flow of. The course outlines the theory of operation of various fuel systems, fuel metering, induction, and exhaust system components with an emphasis on troubleshooting, maintenance, and repair methods. Fuel systems differ greatly from aircraft to aircraft due to the relative size and complexity of the aircraft in which they are installed. Eldec was the first company to provide motorless true mass fuel flowmeters for commercial aircraft and remains both the. Describe the operating principles of aircraft reciprocating engine fuel metering systems including float carburetors, precision airmotive bendix fuel injection and continental fuel injection. Managing fuel distribution between tanks on large aircraft can be very involved. Changes resulting in characteristics outside the current ranges will require a significant amount. Aircraft spruce supplies components for a wide variety of homebuilt aircraft and discount pilot supplies. Aircraft jet fuels and kerosene type fuels aircraft jet fuels and kerosene type fuels may be used as a diesel engine fuel provided they meet acceptable.
If contamination is found, correct the issue before proceeding. Search for other aircraft maintenance in tulsa on the real yellow pages. Engine fuel and fuel metering systems flight mechanic. Start a free trial of quizlet plus by thanksgiving lock in 50% off all year try it free. Terms in this set 97 what factor is not used in the operation of an aircraft gas turbine engine fuel control unit. Gas engines can use gasoline direct injection, where the fuel is directly delivered into the combustion chamber, or indirect injection where the fuel is mixed with air before the intake stroke.
Fuel metering devices for reciprocating engines in engine fuel and fuel metering systems basic principles of operation are discussed here with no attempt being made to give detailed maintenance instructions. The fuel metering system must atomize and distribute the fuel from the carburetor into the mass airflow. In the fuel air mixture curves shown in figure 21, note that the basic best power and best economy fuel air mixture requirements for reciprocating engines are approximately the same. Bendix inline stem type regulator injection system rsa series consists of. Study 45 reciprocating engines fuel metering systems flashcards from carlos m. There is a major limitation to the use of fuel pressure as a flow indicator. Reciprocating engines fuel metering systems aeronautics. All aircraft fuel systems must have some form of fuel quantity indicator. Pdf a poster presentation of an architecture for retrofitting automation to a network of test systems.
Mikes aircraft fuel metering service 9406 e 46th st n, tulsa. Thus vapor lock and associated problems of difficult starting are minimized. Intro to fuel injection introduction to aircraft fuel injection, which is part of the aircraft, engines and systems section in the pilottraining. This title is available as a paperback book or as a webbased or downloadable ebook. Fuel is also used to power and control the fuel metering function in the main fuel control and in the augmentor fuel control. Jan 23, 2017 airline transport pilot licence training cbt videos next lesson. Flow meters and pressure sensors for aircraft turbine engines.
The engine fuel system must supply fuel to the engines fuel metering device under all conditions of ground and air operation. The fuel metering pumps, fuel pumps, and fuel filters are likely to be seriously affected by. What happens if the manual mixture control of a pressure injection carburetor is moved. Faa powerplant instructors concerned about how the h808332 mixes turbine and reciprocating systems in the same chapters may consider this textbook in combination with easa module 15 turbine enginesand module 17 propeller systems as a substitute for that. Aircraft system maintenance includes comprehensive coverage of systems found aboard modern commercial, business, and general aviation aircraft.
Airport fuel dispensingafter the fuel reaches an airports storage tanks, there are three ways of delivering it to aircraft. Aircraft fuel metering systems discusses basic fuel metering, carburetor operation, service and maintenance. Aircraft engine fuel and fuel metering systems freeed. When the fuel level in the bowl drops, the float also drops. Older gravityfeed systems were more prone to vapor lock.
Avs1235 lab 3 aircraft reciprocating engine fuel metering and induction purpose. Metering in this case means controlledmeasured fuel flow. Once the computing section determines the correct amount of fuel flow, the metering section through cams and servo valves delivers the fuel to the engine fuel system. Fuel flow and pressure sensing for harsh turbine engine environments the eldec advantage you can trust eldec for your turbine engine needs now and in the future.
A fuel system consisting of storage tanks, pumps, filters, valves, fuel lines, metering devices, and monitoring devices is designed and certified under strict title 14 of the code of federal regulations 14 cfr guidelines. The aircraft fuel system consists of fuel tanks, floatoperated transfer valves, selector and. Aircraft fuel consumption estimation and visualization task for a project according to university regulations. Can be located almost anywhere in the aircraft wings, fuselage, tail. Study 45 reciprocating engines fuel metering systems. Dec 21, 2017 carburetors have much the same problems at lower speeds. Some auto gas blends have higher a volatility then avgas and are more likely to vapor lock. In piston aircraft engines, continuousflow fuel injection is the most common type. Aircraft fuel, fuel metering, induction and exhaust systems. Aircraft fuel metering systems aircraft fuel metering systems explains in simple terms, basic fuel metering, carburetor operation, service and maintenance.
Fuels with improved fire safety should consider keeping within the currently known range of characteristic values. What are most common types of fuel metering systems used on small. This handbook is available for download, in pdf format, from. North 1998 it will reduce the rate of fuel vaporization in the engine due to saturation levels of the air. Rrecipecip ttechnologyechnology continuous flow fuel injection systems by randy knuteson reprinted with permission from aircraft maintenance technology, november 1998 c.